السبت، 6 أبريل 2013

The development of education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia



Represent manpower qualified real wealth for society and a key driver of the overall development process and effective tool to achieve their goals. Perhaps the essence of competition between countries to achieve the above progress does not depend on state-owned material wealth, but beyond that their ability to build human capable of thinking, creativity and innovation.
Education
is no longer pursuant Kamalea and luxury, but tomorrow in the modern era the investment returns economically to the individual and society, as studies have confirmed the economic returns to human capital investment is the most important and most effective investment of financial resources, comes education at the forefront of the ingredients investment in human capital, as that the basis for the preparation of manpower and promote the development of society, and achieve the goals of development plans.
It has become
education nowadays occupies a large area on the map of priorities officials in the various circles of political and economic as an effective tool to adapt to new developments and requirements in the contemporary century atheist and twenty-input to build pillars of the knowledge society, realized its effectiveness by improving its quality and its quality and link outputs to the labor market and the requirements of development.

Concept development:
Development means: change or conversion from phase to phase.
And development means "a shift from developed" means the word "evolution" gradual change that occurs in the structure and behavior of living organisms.
Also called "gradual change that occurs in the installation or community relations Oalniz Oagaym prevailing in it."
Idiomatically development is: improvement in order to achieve the desired goals more efficiently.

The concept of educational development:
And educational development is: change in the pattern of education of the situation for the better and fuller and later, and is to monitor reality and shaping the future and the gradual construction during which, according to a rolling plan, stems from reality and relies on the possibilities and conditions and studies presented by specialists 0

Educational innovations in the Saudi education

Models of educational innovations
First: the overall project to develop curriculum in public education:
Is a national project aims to develop all elements of the curriculum, according to the latest educational theories and methods and contemporary scientific. The Ministry of Education in conjunction with consulting firms, educational institutions and the National Academy of governmental and civil operations planning and implementation and evaluation.
According to the project need to provide curricula integrated educational and balanced, flexible and sophisticated, meet the needs of students and the requirements of national development plans and labor market needs future, and accommodate local variables and global, and check interactive and conscious with technical developments and trends of modern educational, and establish Islamic values
​​and principles of the High Commissioner and the spirit of loyalty to the homeland and emphasizes the and moderation, and earn students the knowledge and skills necessary and useful directions for life, learning and social coexistence, and lead to reflection and meditation and reflection and continuous learning and the use of techniques and different learning resources.
Reasons Curriculum Development:
1 - internal reasons:
Current approaches applied by a period of time, and was the occasion of social conditions at the time, but the rapid development witnessed by the Saudi society in various spheres of life calls for a educationally parallel development to that change.
2 - World motives (external):
Occurred during the past two decades, enormous global developments in the fields of economics, sociology, science and technology and culture represented in the communications revolution and the revolution of globalization and the information revolution, and the revolution in the economy, etc., are no longer an independent nation alone, all the countries affected by the labor and global developments

- Scientific reasons and results of educational research:
Came a lot of studies to confirm the importance of educational development for the development and investment of manpower as studies have confirmed UNESCO and UNICEF on the need to develop the curriculum and teacher training within attention development of education, and as a result of the momentum of considerable research and studies focused on the developed world and the developing world to develop curricula educational even reconsider curriculum development has become a key part of the educational policies of those countries.
4 - current approaches need to be developed:
It has been proved for those in charge of education-based approaches require qualitative development and the need for several properties to keep pace with the global development.
Second: leading Saudi schools:
Aware of the Ministry of Education of the importance of developing the educational process in all its aspects has adopted in early 1420 H project and called it "school project leading Saudi," This project comes an important step in the direction of targeting the school on the grounds that they based educational development in the overall elements and objectives has meant the ministry of naming These schools Balraúdh is a long-term step aims to build national capacity and investment efforts and integration of all elements of the educational process through educational cooperation and partnership between the various sectors of the ministry represented in the curriculum and management of educational supervision and teaching techniques, which embraces a distinct national competencies.
The task was the basis of the establishment of leading schools is seeking a developer to configure the model addresses many of the problems prevailing model in general education schools, and be interactive, technical and diverse sources and then tested and adjusted to enable other schools to apply and benefit from it

Features leading schools:
1 - demanded an active learner a believer in God and has research tools have the ability to criticize the systematic and scientific calendar and analysis and has Queen creativity, with different life skills and responsibility.
2 - mentor facilitator: a role model for his sons students lasting learning and loving to his profession and experienced multiple effective teaching methods modern discoverer of his students and their potential energy and guide them to the confiscation of knowledge and learning.
3 - flexible approach: out of an integrated education policy between the branches of subject and other interdependent in the valley, and balanced in all aspects, applied and is linked to the environment of the learner.
4 - Educational leader: commander of the educational situation and his vision for the future possesses the skills of planning and follow-up and implementation of plans and retains humanitarian relations with everyone.
5 - the school environment: learning environment makes learning fun inside the school building is conveniently provides all the amenities for students and staff available equipment, tools and high specification laboratories applied education The effective methods.

Third: the list of calendar student in public education:
The Calendar an important component of the curriculum and therefore any renewal and development of educational should focus on the calendar as an input for the development of the curriculum can not be causing the development of the objectives and content of the curriculum and teaching methods only by reference to the results of the calendar and be guided by them in a scientific manner is true, and so I realized educational authorities in Kingdom that it has to be of interest evaluates the student in terms of planning and preparation tools and its benefits.
Has seen in 1419 issued a list calendar student after careful studies and several committees within the corridors of the Supreme Committee for Education Policy in the kingdom came this regulation after nearly a quarter century on the application of Regulation old tests which were described after their attention to some basic principles to evaluate the student and ethics of dealing with the test results as did not include materials mean the technical side and educational assessment tools the other hand, has taken place on the list multiple adjustments imposed by the practice field if you copied the decisions or circulars formed a whole list of others.
The start list of principles based on the most important correct perception about the tests that have become an end in itself, thus affecting the level of internal and external efficiency of education and the high level of anxiety and dread of the test therefore the new regulation has sought to reduce the field tests and spent time at the moment of study in order to devote themselves to education for education and building behavior, also focused on regulation to reduce problems repetition and dropout by focusing on privacy early stage of primary education and increase their effectiveness in building basic skills, and Alaúhh opened the way for destinations education to find tests codified help evaluate education and practice continuous manner



Some pros list:
1 - emphasize that the student calendar is not an end but a means to assist the student in the correct path collected academic and address from which they suffer.
2 - a statement that the health calendar, accuracy and fairness of its consequences depend on the effort in the preparation of its tools and ensure its sincerity, stability and coverage of educational objectives.
3 - Focus on the calendar should not be limited to measuring knowledge and memory only, but also to invest student thinking through higher measurement capabilities such as understanding, application and analysis.
4 - focus on giving students the skills, knowledge and experience essential in each subject.
5 - interest in the early grades and to differentiate between them and the rest of the rows in the way the calendar and methods.
6 - Care Applied adoption side performance evaluation method which is sure enables the student of skill and knowledge.
7 - the discovery of students with special educational needs early, such as the students who suffer from learning difficulties and work to guide them and deal with them in a way that educational incorrect.
8 - follow the continuous assessment method where the teacher lasts constantly remarks at the level of the student's performance and progress in the acquisition of science and knowledge and skills and to identify the difficulties faced and treatment

Fourth: The National Center for Assessment in Higher Education:
More concerned States to establish centers for measurement and evaluation to help educators and planners have to provide objective information about the institutions of higher learning of colleges and institutes and universities are also interested in these centers to provide those institutions and individuals who wish to measurements of educational scientific way objective to achieve greater equity in the acceptance of high school graduates and classified in different programs according to their eligibility and to pursue the development and measurement methods and tools and to verify the authenticity of the tests and objectivity.
This work focuses mainly centers in the design of the tests and the development and application widely, beginning with:
1 - university entrance exams that attract the attention of most measurement stations in the world.
2 - measurements of the level of knowledge and widely in the country.
3 - measurements used license to practice different professions in general and specifically to the practice of higher education and technical and artistic.
 
universities as that in the field of harmonization between the output of higher education and labor market needs, the establishment of this center will help to accept the quality of the students meet the skills and abilities needed by the labor market .
Positives expected from tests Center:
1 - selecting the best of the applicants for admission to universities in an objective and scientific.
2 - further reducing dropout rates in universities.
3 - Reduce repetition rates in the curriculum and the delay in graduation as a result.
4 - raise the level of the internal efficiency of universities.
5 - minimizing switching between disciplines and universities, which confuses the academic work and adversely affect the educational programs and future plans.
6 - can contribute to these tests to increase the capacity of greater expectation for the continuation of the student in his university studies and the extent of his success in his career and getting the right job.

Fifth: integrating people with special needs in regular schools:
Intended to people with special needs:
Intended special needs of those individuals who are different from their normal peers either in mental abilities, sensory or physical or academic or behavioral and emotional or communicative difference requires action necessary adjustments in the educational requirements and school supplies is done through the use of means and methods, techniques and programs that would enable These children, with different needs and characteristics of the benefit from the educational environment natural.
Has taken the Ministry of Education and a pioneering step in addition to attention and is a move in the implementation of the program causing some categories of people with special needs regular schools in the chapters of their own, and frequently coming care teachers specialists in the field of special education as achieved their integration with their normal peers in activities is classroom set up by school as well as their participation in the use of various school facilities.
It was past practices that some groups of people with special needs were placed in isolation in the institutes of their own and know that disabilities and level varies from one person to another and the result was that people with disabilities Mini does not have the chance to acquire learning and integration with ordinary leading to devote their disability and widen the gap between the social environment and the community Great.
The direction of this integration is a modern global trend taken by developed countries and Kingdom is a pioneer in the Arab world in the implementation of this program, which has achieved great success in reducing the level of some disabilities, as well as in creating a healthy social environment which adapts with special needs with the rest of the complex.

The implementation of the program:
Although the beginnings initial integration was on a trial basis in some areas that the expansion in the implementation of programs after the success of the experiment reached the height of its growth during the years that followed the academic year 1417/1418 AH in programs disabilities sight and hearing and speech until it reached classroom programs attached to regular schools that apply curricula special education institutes as well as the attached classroom programs that apply the general education curriculum and programs, resource rooms and itinerant teacher programs and follow-up programs in special education over (880) program in 1422/1423 spread in different regions of the Kingdom
At the beginning of the school year 1423/1424 AH ministry adopted the implementation of 217 new program of special education programs for a total institutes and the 1113 institute programs and program.
VI: Care gifted:
The Ministry of Knowledge (formerly the Ministry of Education is currently) program to detect talented and caring after completed his scientific basis through the study, which was organized between the Ministry and the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology and the program established several centers Gifted throughout the Kingdom.
Means this administration detects talented students through centers Gifted throughout the Kingdom in order to identify who are characterized capabilities unusual superiority mental, creativity and innovation, talent and special abilities, and allows them to develop their abilities and talents to the maximum that can be up to him, and that through their public administration for the Gifted enrichment of educational programs and activities distinct artistic and literary talent and scientific innovations, and give students a chance to compete through competitions and exhibitions at the level of regions and provinces in the Kingdom.

And will witness the next few years - God willing - sophisticated detection methods for gifted education and their program management and planning within the ministry and in the various institutions involved.
Seventh: Calendar Comprehensive School:
He calendar continuous and comprehensive of all elements of the educational process taking place within the school according to standards and certain controls and instruments measuring specific scientific and this educational innovation in the Saudi education keep pace with global trends to look for the best ways to develop the educational process by monitoring the reality and their input and to identify the efficiency of Foreign Affairs and oversee the project Calendar Comprehensive School Authority educational specialist works independent of educational entities The idea of
​​the project when a delegation from the Ministry of Education earlier - Education now - a visit to Britain and informed during the visit in the form of educational standards (Office for standards in education OFSTED) which are responsible for evaluating schools Knowing and directly linked to the Queen and the financial allocations and budgets provided by the government for schools linked to the results of the evaluation.
The comprehensive evaluation of the school of the most important educational innovations that achieve tranquility for all those interested in education on the basis of objective and criteria clear educational basis that all the efforts of educational efforts by educational institutions centered around the school and its environment educational If the reality well, this indicates that those efforts fruitful though contrary That is a sign of a gap between development efforts and the field.

Eighth: King Abdullah Project for the development of public education:
The project was approved in 26/01/1428 AH its four programs (curriculum development, teacher training and teachers, improving the learning environment, support non-classroom activity).
Project objectives:
1 - Development of educational curricula in its comprehensive concept to respond to scientific developments and modern technology, and meet the needs of value, knowledge and professional psychological and physical and mental health and living conditions of the student and the student.
2 - Rehabilitation and teachers, and prepare them for the performance of their duties and educational in order to achieve the objectives of the curriculum developed.
3 - improving the learning environment and rehabilitation and configured to integrate technology and digital model curriculum; to be classroom environment and the school environment conducive to learning in order to achieve a higher level of achievement and training to improve the educational environment and rehabilitation and configured to integrate technology and digital model curriculum; to be classroom environment and the school environment stimulating learning in order to achieve a higher level of achievement and training.
4 - Strengthening capacities, skills and self-creative and talent development, hobbies, and satisfy the desires of psychological students, and deepening the concepts and national and social ties through non-classroom activities of various kinds.
Programs of the project:
1 - qualification and training: access to the system qualification and professional development actor for industry cadres educational instruction embodies the educational values
​​and possesses competences educational work and education, depends on the efficiency of human professional represent enough of the Interior, and is based on global standards, contributing to the apprenticeship learning process and improve outcomes.
2 - curriculum development: curriculum one of the main elements of the educational process that affect all operational processes and lead to change in accordance with the Provisions of the strategies and objectives and contents of teaching and learning activities planned and methods calendar pay about the effectiveness of learning and making sure achieved and development, studies indicate educational to that curricula tool fastest influential in bringing about orderly development of learning, and the development of values
​​and attitudes, skills and behavioral practices sound, and which they can create learner for life, and provide context sequential ensure growing educational experience and achievement, and enable the learner skills needed to compete and integrate into the paths of different social; in line with nature and needs, can also through the development of curricula make patterns of positive social change .. Out of this was the development of curricula essential input from entrances to the development of public education.
3 - improving the learning environment: The program aims to contribute to the knowledge-based society, and by working to improve the educational environment and make IT environment interactive stimulating for all its members, can achieve this goal integration ideal for technology in education and promoting applications of advanced technology in all courses and educational activities and continuous training.
- Support Grails activity: direct non-classroom activities to achieve the following:
1 - deepening the values
​​and principles of the Islamic religion in the hearts of students and translate them into practical reality.
2 - Strengthening of belonging and loyalty to the homeland and to maintain its gains.
3 - care values
and positive attitudes and practices healthy and intellectually, psychologically and socially.
4 - Support cooperation between the school and the family and community institutions.
5 - to provide an appropriate environment for the discovery and development of talents and tendencies of male and female students in the early stages of education
6 -. Giving students the life skills required to live with the society positively.
7 - Investment leisure through targeted Recreational educational programs.
8 - Preparing students for their pioneering role in the process of construction and development of the nation



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